Abstract
This study used an electrical discharge machine (EDM) to perform an electrical spark discharge method (ESDM), which is a new approach for reducing graphene oxide (GO) at normal temperature and pressure, without using chemical substances. A silver (Ag) electrode generates high temperature and high energy during gap discharge. Ag atoms and Ag nanoparticles (AgNP) are suspended in GO, and ionization generates charged Ag+ ions in the Ag plasma with a strong reducing property, thereby carrying O away from GO. A large flake-like structure of GO was simultaneously pyrolyzed to a small flake-like structure of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). When Ag was used as an electrode, GO was reduced to rGO and the exfoliated AgNP surface was coated with rGO, thus forming an rGOAg complex. Consequently, suspensibility and dispersion were enhanced.
Highlights
Graphene consists of two-dimensional hexagonally arranged carbon atoms having a thickness of one atom
According to ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), after graphene oxide (GO) and the Ag electrode were processed through the electrical spark discharge method (ESDM), both Ag nanoparticles (AgNP) and Ag+ ions were generated, the latter of which was generated via Ag plasma, because the charged Ag atoms of Ag plasma had a strong reducing property, GO was reduced to the rGOAg complex
The ESDM is a physical method for preparing NPs, and in contrast to the chemical method, it is free from any chemical substances and can be performed at normal temperature and pressure
Summary
Graphene consists of two-dimensional hexagonally arranged carbon atoms having a thickness of one atom. It can be used for applications in energy storage [1] and biotechnology [2] because of its excellent mechanical [3], electronic [4], and chemical properties [5,6]. Since graphene is difficult to produce, we employed the graphene oxide (GO) reduction method to prepare reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which featured physical properties closest to those of graphene. The reduction method can reduce GO to rGO, and it is currently the most efficient, rapid, and affirmative practice [10]
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