Novel platform technology to allow direct grafting of antimicrobial agents onto implantable metals.

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Novel platform technology to allow direct grafting of antimicrobial agents onto implantable metals. Felicity De Cogan1, Olachi Anuforom1, Anna F. Peacock2 and Ann Logan1 1 University of Birmingham, Institute of Infection and Ageing, United Kingdom 2 University of Birmingham, School of Chemistry, United Kingdom Introduction: The current management of microbial infection in injured tissues is by the systemic administration of antibiotic drugs. These are designed to eliminate pathogens while leaving the patient unharmed. This method is of limited efficacy as systemic antibiotics are not targeted to the site of infection and will often have poor penetration to areas around wounds and implants. The widespread use of prophylactic antibiotics has also led to increasing microbial resistance. Biomaterial solutions to target implant infections rely heavily on introducing an initial coating such as a polymer onto the metal, which then allows antibiotic agents to be included onto an implant surface. The antimicrobial agent can then either leach from the polymer or be covalently attached to the polymer. While this methodology is well established there are two significant drawbacks. Firstly, the inclusion of coatings such as polymers onto the surface of metal implants can hinder the osseointegration of the implant. Secondly, the leaching of materials gives sustained release over several months yet only tend to last for months. The majority of joint infections occur at greater than one year, this means these biomaterials don’t address the real unmet clinical need. In this work we report a novel attachment method which allows attachment of novel antimicrobial peptides directly to a metal surface. This grafting method also remains on the surface for extended periods of time (>1 year). Materials and Methods: Titanium was plasma nitrided at 440 °C for 19 hours. The metals were then washed using acetone to clean the surface. The surfaces were functionalised in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) using antimicrobial peptide (100µg), HBTU (0.5mM in DMF) and DIEA ( 60% v/v in DMF). The surfaces were washed extensively to remove unreacted material and then tested for efficacy at inhibiting bacterial growth against a range of bacteria and fungi. Lab strains were used initially, and multi-resistant clinical isolates later. Results: The peptides showed broad spectrum activity against a range of bacteria including lab strains and clinical isolates of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Peptides were tested for inhibition of growth in solution and their ability to prevent bacterial growth on the metal surfaces. Peptide coated titanium designed for orthopaedic implants showed significant reductions in the number of bacteria in solution around the surface with bacteria numbers reduced from 1x1012 to 1x103. The peptide coating also completely inhibited growth of bacteria on the surfaces (Figure 1). Conclusions: We have demonstrated the efficacy of our novel coating technology to both reduce bacterial load in solution around an implant and prevent bacteria creating a biofilm on the implant surface. We believe this has great potential to revolutionise implant materials and reduce the rate of implant associated infections. NIHR SRMRC for funding Keywords: Bacteria, Infection, Implant, bioactive interface Conference: 10th World Biomaterials Congress, Montréal, Canada, 17 May - 22 May, 2016. Presentation Type: Poster Topic: Anti-infective biomaterials Citation: De Cogan F, Anuforom O, Peacock AF and Logan A (2016). Novel platform technology to allow direct grafting of antimicrobial agents onto implantable metals.. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. Conference Abstract: 10th World Biomaterials Congress. doi: 10.3389/conf.FBIOE.2016.01.00052 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 27 Mar 2016; Published Online: 30 Mar 2016. Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Felicity De Cogan Olachi Anuforom Anna F Peacock Ann Logan Google Felicity De Cogan Olachi Anuforom Anna F Peacock Ann Logan Google Scholar Felicity De Cogan Olachi Anuforom Anna F Peacock Ann Logan PubMed Felicity De Cogan Olachi Anuforom Anna F Peacock Ann Logan Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.