Novel panorama “anode cathodes assembly” run-away hydrogen ion image studies in 4π plasma focus device space at different gas pressures

Abstract

From many parameters affecting ion emission angular distributions in a plasma focus device (PFD), gas pressure is a parameter highly affecting ion emissions, the mechanisms of which have yet to be further understood. In this research, effects of hydrogen gas pressure up to 100 mbar were studied on angular distributions of run-away hydrogen ions generated directly from the “anode cathodes assembly”. In order to demonstrate further the emission of such ions and study the effect of gas pressure on the ion emissions, a novel self-invented panorama mega-size polycarbonate cylindrical ion image detector was used for wide-angle panorama image detection of run-away hydrogen ions from the “anode cathodes assembly”. The mega-size detectors were processed in our novel single-cell panorama electrochemical etching ion image processing system constructed for this study. The studies confirmed effective detection of images of high intensity run-away hydrogen ions; observation of 6 “hydrogen ion cathode shadowgrams” by the unaided eyes; estimation of total hydrogen ion tracks under different gas pressures and in particular a high proof of strong source of ion emission from the “anode cathodes assembly” partially responsible for formation of cathode shadowgrams formed on the detectors.