Novel Nanocomposite of Chitosan-protected Platinum Nanoparticles Immobilized on Nickel Hydroxide: Facile Synthesis and Application as Glucose Electrochemical Sensor

Abstract

Novel nanocomposite of nickel hydroxide/chitosan/platinum was successfully synthesised with chitosan (CS) as a dispersing and protecting agent. Its potential application in non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterize the composition and morphology of this nanocomposite. The electrochemical investigations of this glucose sensor exhibited remarkable analytical performances towards the oxidation of glucose. In particular, glucose can be selectively and sensitively detected in a wide linear range from 3.0 × 10−6 to 1.1 × 10−2 mol ⋅L −1 with a detection limit of 0.56 ±0.03 μ mol⋅L −1 at a signal-tonoise ratio of 3 (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the Ni(OH)2/CS/Pt nanocomposite-modified GCE also showed an acceptable anti-interference ability and stability. Importantly, the Ni(OH)2/CS/Pt based sensor can be used to detect trace amount of glucose in serum samples. The results demonstrated that the Ni(OH)2/CS/Pt nanocomposite can be potentially useful to construct a new glucose sensing platform. A facile in situ reduction method to synthesize a novel nanocomposite of chitosan-protected platinum nanoparticles immobilized on nickel hydroxide, (Ni(OH)2/CS/Pt) is described. Further, a glucose electrochemical sensor was fabricated by immobilizing Ni(OH)2/CS/Pt nanocomposites on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE).