Abstract
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), a highly contagious agent, is widespread and causes acute upper respiratory tract disease in chickens and turkeys. However, currently, there is no vaccine licensed in China. Herein, we describe the development of an inactivated aMPV/B vaccine using the aMPV/B strain LN16. Combined with a novel adjuvant containing immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMs), the novel vaccine could induce high virus-specific and VN antibodies. In addition, it activated B and T lymphocytes and promoted the expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ. Importantly, boosting vaccination with the inactivated aMPV/B vaccine could provide 100% protection against aMPV/B infection with reduced virus shedding and turbinate inflammation. The protection efficacy could last for at least 6 months. This study yielded a novel inactivated aMPV/B vaccine that could serve as the first vaccine candidate in China, thus contributing to the control of aMPV/B and promoting the development of the poultry industry.
Highlights
IntroductionThe avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family
The avian metapneumovirus is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family
Between the Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV)/B-oil groupdifference and the control. These results observed between the aMPV/B-oil group and the control. These results indicated that the aMPV/B-novel vaccine could promote the expression of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) cytokines that afterthe aMPV/B-novel vaccine could promote the expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines after immunization
Summary
The avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family. Since its first detection in South Africa in 1978, aMPV has a global distribution in poultry-producing regions, except for Oceania [1]. It is among the main pathogens causing respiratory tract infections and egg production decline in poultry-breeding countries [2]. AMPV is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis in turkey flocks and swollen head syndrome in chickens. It primarily results in respiratory disease characterized by coughing, clear to turbid
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