Abstract
Video capsule endoscopy that was launched 10 years ago has become a first-line procedure for examining the small bowel. The most common indications for capsule endoscopy are obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, Crohn's disease, polyposis syndromes, and evaluation of patients with complicated celiac disease. The ideal capsule should improve the quality of the image and have a faster frame rate than the currently available one. There should be a therapeutic capsule capable of performing a biopsy, aspirating fluid, delivering drugs, and measuring the motility of the small bowel wall. Another major leap forward would be the capability of remote control of capsule's movement in order to navigate it to reach designated anatomical areas for carrying out a variety of therapeutic options. Technology for improving the capability of the future generation capsules almost within grasp and it would not be surprising to witness the realization of these giant steps within the coming decade. In this review we will focus on the current clinical applications of capsule endoscopy for imaging of the small bowel and colon and will additionally give an outlook on future concepts and developments of capsule endoscopy.
Highlights
Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) was introduced 13 years ago
The diagnostic yield is influenced by the timing of the examination, and a recent study investigated the role of early CE in the diagnosis of patients with obscure GI bleeding
Another negative study conducted on 27 patients to check the usefulness of blue mode (BM) review in Lewis score (LS) calculation, by comparing it with respective LS results obtained by white light (WL) small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) review and mucosal inflammation as reflected by faecal calprotectin (FC) levels, considered as “gold standard” for the study
Summary
Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) was introduced 13 years ago. Multiple CE systems from different companies are available. The Given M2A Video Capsule System (Given Imaging Ltd., Yokneam, Israel), the Olympus EndoCapsule (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan), and the MiroCam (Intromedic, Seoul, Korea) are FDA and CE approved. Capsule systems are available for examination of the esophagus, small bowel, and colon. Capsule endoscopy is ingested and swallowed by most individuals, and, a capsule-loading device (AdvanCE, US Endoscopy, Mentor, OH, USA) is available to directly deliver the capsule into the stomach or duodenum. The disposable device is a 2.5 mm single-sheathed device that is first preloaded through the working channel of a standard endoscope. The main indications for SBCE include obscure GI bleeding, Crohn’s disease, and celiac disease [1]
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