Abstract
The structure and gene sequence of the fish mitochondrial genome are generally considered to be conservative. However, two types of gene arrangements are found in the mitochondrial genome of Anguilliformes. In this paper, we report a complete mitogenome of Muraenesox cinereus (Anguilliformes: Muraenesocidae) with rearrangement phenomenon. The total length of the M. cinereus mitogenome was 17,673 bp, and it contained 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNA genes, and two identical control regions (CRs). The mitochondrial genome of M. cinereus was obviously rearranged compared with the mitochondria of typical vertebrates. The genes ND6 and the conjoint trnE were translocated to the location between trnT and trnP, and one of the duplicated CR was translocated to the upstream of the ND6. The tandem duplication and random loss is most suitable for explaining this mitochondrial gene rearrangement. The Anguilliformes phylogenetic tree constructed based on the whole mitochondrial genome well supports Congridae non-monophyly. These results provide a basis for the future Anguilliformes mitochondrial gene arrangement characteristics and further phylogenetic research.
Highlights
Anguilliformes is a kind of ecologically diverse fish, mainly marine fish
The structure of the moray mitochondrial genome was different from other bony fishes, it includes 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs (12S and 16S rRNA), a light chain replication source (OL) and two control-region s (CR) (Fig. 1)
ND6 binding trnE was transferred between tRNAT and tRNAP, and a replicated control regions (CRs) was transferred upstream of the ND6 gene (Fig. 1, Table 2)
Summary
Anguilliformes is a kind of ecologically diverse fish, mainly marine fish. Its body is very slender, its crosssectional area is reduced, and it generally lacks ventral fins[1,2]. The first hypothesis is that Poulton first proposed a model of in-patient mitochondrial reorganization when studying patient mitochondria, which is characterized by involvement in DNA strand breakage and reconnection[34]; this hypothesis was originally proposed for gene rearrangement in the nuclear g enome[35]. This gene rearrangement model has been used to explain changes in the mitochondrial gene order of mussels, birds and frogs[36,37,38]. One of each pair of duplicated genes was randomly lost[27]
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