Novel fast-arrayed CCD X-ray detector using interline transfer-type CCD for time-resolved X-ray diffraction measurements

Abstract

A novel fast-arrayed fiber-optic taper (FOT) coupled with a charge-coupled device (CCD) X-ray detector was developed. The interline transfer-type CCDs are used as image sensor. The detector was developed for the simultaneous time-resolved small- and wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurement at SPring-8 BL45XU. The detector consists of an array of two identical units, each comprising a phosphor, a demagnifying FOT, and a large format interline transfer-type CCD as an image sensor. The image stored in the CCD can be read out through the dual readout channels with 12 bits ADC within 220 ms (4.5 fps) without binning and within 65 ms (15 fps) with 8×8 binning. Moreover, this detector does not need to stop the incoming X-rays during the CCD readout and can simultaneously execute both exposure and readout on the CCD with a small dead time of ∼1 μs so that a duty-cycle ratio of almost 100% is achieved. Therefore, it allows the continuous rotation method. The basic performance characteristics of the detector are described.