Abstract
This aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and biological properties of novel experimental cements (Hybrid, Paste and Resin) based on synergistic combinations of existing materials, including pH, diametral tensile strength (DTS) and cytotoxicity comparing them with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA - Angelus®) and a glass ionomer cement (GIC) developed at our laboratory. For the physicochemical and biological tests, specimens with standard dimensions were produced. pH measurements were performed with digital pH meter at the following time intervals: 3, 24, 48 and 72 h. For the DTS test, cylindrical specimens were subjected to compressive load until fracture. The MTT assay was performed for cytotoxicity evaluation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Paste group showed pH values similar to MTA, and Hybrid group presented pH values similar to GIC (p>0.05). The tested materials showed pH values ranging from alkaline to near neutrality at the evaluated times. MTA and GIC showed similar DTS values. The lowest and highest DTS values were seen in the Paste and Resin groups, respectively (p<0.05). Cell viability for MTA and experimental Hybrid, Paste and Resin groups was 49%, 93%, 90% and 86%, respectively, when compared with the control group. The photo-cured experimental resin cement showed similar or superior performance compared with the current commercial or other tested experimental materials.
Highlights
Direct pulp capping relies on the application of a material directly on the exposed pulp to promote its vitality, while indirect pulp capping is conducted in teeth with deep carious lesions and presenting reversible pulp pathosis, when the protective material is placed over a remaining layer of dentin
In an attempt to improve the behavior of CH-based cements, a light-cured material (Prisma VLC Dycal; Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany) was formulated using urethane dimethacrylate resin (UDMA), which improved the mechanical properties of chemically cured calcium hydroxide cements, while enhancing their working times [2]
The present study demonstrated that the experimental materials generally had similar or superior properties to those of Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or glass ionomer cement (GIC), confirming in part the study hypothesis
Summary
Direct pulp capping relies on the application of a material directly on the exposed pulp to promote its vitality, while indirect pulp capping is conducted in teeth with deep carious lesions and presenting reversible pulp pathosis, when the protective material is placed over a remaining layer of dentin. Both treatments aim to maintain the vitality of pulp tissue and its biological homeostasis [1]. CH-based cements show several limitations, including high solubility, short-term effects, rapidly buffering by the fluid contents of dentinal tubules, low mechanical resistance and lack of adhesion to dental structures [3]. A significant limitation of this photo-cured cement was the possible risk of pulpal injury from release of uncured monomers from the resin [4]
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