Abstract
A novel electrochemical biosensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was developed for the impedimetric determination of Tau protein, a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Indeed, a recent correlation between AD symptoms and the presence of Tau proteins in their aggregated form made hyperphosphorylated Tau protein (Tangles) a promising biomarker for Alzheimer’s diagnosis. The MIP was directly assembled on a screen-printed carbon electrode (C-SPE) and prepared by electropolymerization of 3-aminophenol (AMP) in the presence of the protein template (p-Tau-441) using cyclic voltammetry. The p-Tau-441 protein bound to the polymeric backbone was digested by the action of the proteolytic activity of proteinase K in urea and then washed away to create vacant sites. The performances of the corresponding imprinted and non-imprinted electrodes were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The detection limit of the MIP-based sensors was 0.02 pM in PBS buffer pH 5.6. Good selectivity and good results in serum samples were obtained with the developed platform. The biosensor described in this work is a potential tool for screening Tau protein on-site and an attractive complement to clinically established methodologies methods as it is easy to fabricate, has a short response time and is inexpensive.
Highlights
Avaiable screen-printed carbon electrodes (C-SPE) were used (MetrohmDropSens, C-110, Coruño, Spain), which consisted of working and counter electrodes made of carbon, as well as reference electrodes and electrical contacts made of silver
The different phases led to changes in the electron transfer properties of the receptor surface and were followed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests involving
The family of polyaminophenols is advantageous for these effects with a high degree of permselectivity and simple control of the polymer density that can self-limit its growth
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. AD was discovered to be a severe progressive and neurodegenerative disease leading to memory loss, personality changes, dementia, and death [1]. As this disorder becomes serious public health threat worldwide, researchers are constantly searching for new efficient tools to better understand the disease and increase the accuracy of diagnosis. To this end, biomarkers, are key to early non-invasive procedures and differential diagnosis to enable timely treatment and prevent deterioration of the patient’s conditions [2]. Among the most promising and the well-described biomarkers is phosphorylated As this disorder becomes serious public health threat worldwide, researchers are constantly searching for new efficient tools to better understand the disease and increase the accuracy of diagnosis. to this end, biomarkers, are key to early non-invasive procedures and differential diagnosis to enable timely treatment and prevent deterioration of the patient’s conditions [2].
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