Novel dermal nanobilosomes with promising browning effect of adipose tissue for management of obesity

Abstract

Obesity is a medical problem that increases the risk of various diseases. Besides, obese people sometimes feel discrimination which results in social isolation and severe depression. Therefore, the management of obesity and localized fats gains a great interest.The aim of this study is to fabricate topical nanobilosomal preparation that mimics the action of subcutaneous lipolysis injections with the advantage of non-invasiveness. Moreover, resveratrol (RSV) was loaded for the first time on bilosomal nanovesicles for the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) via topical application. The prepared RSV-loaded bilosomes showed good quality attributes regarding particle size (255 ± 6.16 nm), % entrapment efficiency (94.58 ± 2.81%), and zeta potential (−51.31 ± 3.72). Moreover, RSV-loaded bilosomes showed 2.6 fold increase in drug release compared to resveratrol suspension using dialysis tube technique. The in-vivo study using induced obesity Wistar rats revealed that rats treated with RSV-loaded bilosomal gel formulations demonstrated detectable body weight loss (−19.7%) from the total weight, and a decrease in their abdominal circumference compared to the positive control group. Moreover, upon histological examination of isolated subcutaneous fats, a significant decrease in the average size and a 1.4-fold increase in the average total number of subcutaneous fats deposits were observed. To conclude, RSV-loaded bilosomes as novel topical nanotherapy possessed a promising effect in managing obesity and browning of WAT.