Novel Carbon Nanotubes/Gold Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrochemical Sensor for Antazoline Determination in Aqueous Humor

Abstract

Antazoline (ANT) is a H1 histamine receptor antagonist having anticholinergic properties used to decrease nasal congestion. It is found in eye drops usually in combination with either tetryzoline (TET) or xylometazoline (XLO). In this work, a novel electrochemical sensor based on carbon paste electrode (CPE) is developed for simple, rapid, sensitive, and selective determination of antazoline in pure form, different pharmaceutical formulations and in presence of aqueous humor. CPE is modified with nanoparticles multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite and further decorated with gold nanoparticles using amperometric electrodeposition technique to attain Au-NP@MWCNT/CPE for enhancing sensor sensitivity. Linearity is divided into two linear segments and found to be 2 × 10–7 − 2 × 10−6 (1st Linear segment) and 2 × 10–6 − 2 × 10−5 (2nd Linear segment) with limit of detection and quantification of 1.77 × 10−7 and 5.37 × 10−7, respectively. High sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility of the modified electrode towards determination of antazoline have promoted its applicability in different dosage forms and in rabbit aqueous humor. This method has noticeable potential applications in quality control, pharmacokinetic studies, and routine determination of antazoline drug in binary pharmaceutical formulations.