Abstract
ABSTRACT Ciliary extracellular vesicles (ciEVs), released from primary cilia, contain functional proteins that play an important role in cilia structure and functions. We have recently shown that ciEVs and cytosolic extracellular vesicles (cyEVs) have unique and distinct biomarkers. While ciEV biomarkers have shown some interactions with known ciliary proteins, little is known about the interaction of ciEV proteins with proteins involved in ciliopathy and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we reveal for the first time the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between the top five ciEVs biomarkers with ciliopathy and Alzheimer disease (AD) proteins. These results support the growing evidence of the critical physiological roles of cilia in neurodegenerative disorders.
Highlights
Extracellular vesicles have been shown to exhibit numerous physiological functions
EVs isolated from ciliated and nonciliated (Ift88; cytosolic EVs (cyEVs)) mouse endothelial cells were examined by proteomic analyses
To confirm the specificity of these biomarkers to each vesicle, we examined the expression of the top identified biomar kers in each vesicle, using immunoblot ana lyses (Figure 1c)
Summary
Extracellular vesicles have been shown to exhibit numerous physiological functions. Ciliary extracellular vesicles (ciEVs) have been shown to play a key role in cardiovascular function in a murine model, resulting in hypotension, left ventricle hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, arrhythmia, and high mortality rate [1]. Ciliopathy and neurodegenerative disorders have long been associated with ciliary proteins. The interaction between ciliopathy and AD with novel ciEV biomarkers has not been examined yet. We analyze here the novel ciEV biomarkers and their potential interaction with ciliopathy and AD disorders for the first time.
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