Novel benzofuroxan derivatives against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains: Design using Topliss’ decision tree, synthesis and biological assay

Abstract

The aim of this study was the design of a set of benzofuroxan derivatives as antimicrobial agents exploring the physicochemical properties of the related substituents. Topliss’ decision tree approach was applied to select the substituent groups. Hierarchical cluster analysis was also performed to emphasize natural clusters and patterns. The compounds were obtained using two synthetic approaches for reducing the synthetic steps as well as improving the yield. The minimal inhibitory concentration method was employed to evaluate the activity against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. The most active compound was 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)[N′-(benzofuroxan-5-yl)methylene]benzhydrazide (MIC range 12.7–11.4μg/mL), pointing out that the antimicrobial activity was indeed influenced by the hydrophobic and electron-withdrawing property of the substituent groups 3-CF3 and 4-NO2, respectively.