Abstract
The reduced form of vitamin C, ascorbic acid, is well known for its function as an antioxidant and as a protective agent against scurvy. However, many recent studies indicate other functions for vitamin C in mammalian cells. Novel findings provide possible explanations for observed beneficial effects of a high intake of vitamin C on cell growth, gene transcription, host resistance to infection, uptake of polyamines and clearance of misfolded proteins. Vitamin C exerts its effects indirectly via hypoxia-inducible factor, nitric oxide synthase and the heparan sulfate proteoglycan glypican-1, which is deglycanated in a vitamin C- and copper-dependent reaction.
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