Abstract
There are approximately 35 million people infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with an estimated 2 million incident infections annually across the globe. While HIV infection was initially associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, advances in therapy have transformed it into a chronic and manageable disease. In addition, there is very strong evidence that those on antiretroviral therapy are much less likely to transmit infection to their partners. The success rates for maintaining viral suppression in treated patients has dramatically increased owing to the development of agents that are potent and well tolerated and can often be co-formulated into single pills for simplification. This review will outline advances in treatment over the last several years as well as new strategies that may shift the existing treatment paradigm in the near future.
Highlights
The development of potent antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been one of the greatest advances in modern medicine
Versions of potent ART that were able to suppress HIV to undetectable levels consist of regimens that included two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus either a protease inhibitor (PI) or a non-NRTI (NNRTI), often requiring relatively frequent dosing, had substantial side effects, frequent drug-drug and drug-food interactions, and at times were associated with a high risk of virologic failure and emergent drug-resistant virus
There was the emergence of new NRTIs that were given as fixed-dose combinations once daily and associated with less toxicity
Summary
F1000 Faculty Reviews are written by members of the prestigious F1000 Faculty. They are commissioned and are peer reviewed before publication to ensure that the final, published version is comprehensive and accessible. The reviewers who approved the final version are listed with their names and affiliations. Any comments on the article can be found at the end of the article
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