Abstract
This study investigated the critical high-temperature deformation of the low-lead (Pb) Cu38Zn3Pb alloy. Moreover, the dezincification mechanism of this alloy for high-temperature applications was evaluated. The results reveal that tensile temperatures influence the phase structures of the brass alloy matrix. Many voids and holes formed at the phase boundaries above 400 °C due to the hard-brittle β’ phase which transformed into the softer β phase, thus causing low-strength and high-ductility values. High strain rate deformation promotes more obvious intermediate-temperature brittleness in the brass alloy. The Cu38Zn3Pb alloys display the lowest impact toughness between 400 °C and 600 °C. Long-term hot working caused dezincification in the brass alloy, thus deteriorating its ductility. The influences of thermal dezincification on the mechanical properties of the alloy must be considered during processing or heat treatment.
Highlights
Brass alloys are composed of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), which form a substitutional alloy.The strength and wear resistance of the alloys can be improved through the use of a solid solution ofZn in Cu
It can be divided into α brass, α + β’ brass, and β’ brass, and their microstructures are influenced by Zn content
Atphases room two mainused phases in the study alloy specimen along extrusion direction (ED) plane; these temperature, phases appear in the alloy the extrusion (ED)
Summary
Brass alloys are composed of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), which form a substitutional alloy.The strength and wear resistance of the alloys can be improved through the use of a solid solution ofZn in Cu. The strength and wear resistance of the alloys can be improved through the use of a solid solution of. The most used brass in industrial application contains a Zn content of 30–45 wt.% [2,3], and its performance can be improved through adding alloy elements (Al, Sn, Ni, Fe) [4,5,6]. To improve the applicability of free-cutting brass, this study reduces lead (Pb) content and adds Fe and Sn to fabricate the Cu-38Zn-3Pb (Cu38Zn3Pb) alloy and evaluate its thermal resistance. Lead-free or low-lead free-cutting brasses have been investigated, among which Cu-Zn-Si and Cu-Zn-Bi alloys are mainly used [8,9]. The cost of lead-free or low-lead free-cutting brass is high, and its high-temperature strength remains to be improved
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