Novel Application of Infrared Radiation Therapy: Spirit Identity Powder-Generated Far Infrared Radiation Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Male Liver Cancer Cells by Activating the Transmembrane Attack Complex

Abstract

Far infrared radiation (FIR) has been primarily used as a therapeutic modality for its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of cancer cells. Previous studies have focused on the inhibitory effects of FIR on mitochondrial metabolism, neglecting its effect on cancer cell membranes. In this study, we investigated the biological inhibitory effect of FIR on the membrane of liver cancer cells. We fabricated an FIR radiator (power density of 37.2 mW/cm2, emissivity of 92.3%) using spirit identity (SI) powder and irradiated liver cancer cells for 3 h for 3 days, resulting in decreased cell viability and ATP production in irradiated cells. To corroborate the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect on the cell membrane, we performed transcriptional analyses of mRNA and protein expression. Transcriptional analysis showed activation of transmembrane signaling receptors in the gene ontology and systemic lupus erythematosus in the KEGG pathway. The mRNA results showed significantly high expression of membrane attack complex (MAC), and protein analysis results showed a higher expression of proteins C7 and C8β than C5 and C6. Thus, SI powder-generated FIR can inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cells by activating the MAC in the cell membrane.