Abstract
New anode materials based on Fe-doped CaTiO 3 and ruthenium were examined to enhance the fuel flexibility of SOFCs. An optimum weight ratio between NiO and Ca(Fe)TiO 3, RuO 2 and YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) was determined for Ni–Ca(Fe)TiO 3 and Ru–YSZ anodes, respectively, and sintering temperature was investigated to achieve high power generation characteristics. The Ni–Ca(Fe)TiO 3 anode of NiO:Ca(Fe)TiO 3 = 4:1 sintered at 1300 °C showed better current–voltage characteristics than those sintered at 1200 and 1400 °C, which was comparable to Ni–YSZ anode. When a constant current of 200 mA/cm 2 was applied by feeding a gas mixture of methane, H 2O, and N 2 at steam-to-carbon (S/C) ratio of 1.6 at 1000 °C, terminal voltage over SOFCs with the Ni–Ca(Fe)TiO 3 and Ru–YSZ anode was stable in 20 h, whereas that over Ni–YSZ decreased significantly. The catalytic activity of the anode materials for carbon formation was evaluated by methane decomposition rate measurements. Carbon deposition rates over the Ni–Ca(Fe)TiO 3 and Ru–YSZ were found to be lower than that over Ni–YSZ, possibly leading to the stable power generation at the low S/C ratio.
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