Abstract

Although several indices used in clinical practice identify cardiometabolic risk (CR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), it is imperative to develop indices for specific populations. Therefore, we proposed and validated sex-specific indices to identify CR associated with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation or MetS in Mexican adults. Additionally, a cut-off value for the visceral fat area (VFA) to identify CR was proposed. Clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, and body composition variables were evaluated in 904 subjects (25–45 years old) (84.4% men). Multiple and logistic regressions were used to model the indices and ROC curve analysis to determine predictive performance. An additional cohort (n = 186) was used for indices validation, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient was employed for agreement analysis. The proposed sex-specific indices, called Mexican adiposity indices (MAIs) and biochemical–anthropometric indices (BAIs), were good predictors for CR and MetS. The kappa coefficients showed a moderate agreement level. The VFA cut-off value chosen to identify CR was 100.3 cm2 because it had the best combination of sensitivity (66.8%) and specificity (64.4%). MAIs and BAIs could be clinical tools to identify either CR associated to VAT accumulation or MetS, respectively. A VFA cut-off value of 100.3 cm2 could identify CR in Mexican men.

Highlights

  • Abdominal visceral fat plays a central role in cardiometabolic risk (CR) development [1]

  • It has been demonstrated that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has a strong association with insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence, and the consequent development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and higher mortality rate [2,3,4]

  • The MetS group showed a higher prevalence of MetS risk factors and higher values for all the variables including adiposity indices (AIs) and insulin resistance indices (IRIs)

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Summary

Introduction

Abdominal visceral fat plays a central role in cardiometabolic risk (CR) development [1]. It has been demonstrated that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has a strong association with insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence, and the consequent development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and higher mortality rate [2,3,4]. The estimation of visceral fat area (VFA) may be helpful to recognize subjects with CR

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