Novel 3D printed shape-memory PLLA-TMC/GA-TMC scaffolds for bone tissue engineering with the improved mechanical properties and degradability

Abstract

The biodegradable substitution materials for bone tissue engineering have been a research hotspot. As is known to all, the biodegradability, biocompatibility, mechanical properties and plasticity of the substitution materials are the important indicators for the application of implantation materials. In this article, we reported a novel binary substitution material by blending the poly(lactic-acid)-co-(trimethylene-carbonate) and poly(glycolic-acid)-co-(trimethylene-carbonate), which are both biodegradable polymers with the same segment of flexible trimethylene-carbonate in order to accelerate the degradation rate of poly(lactic-acid)-co-(trimethylene carbonate) substrate and improve its mechanical properties. Besides, we further fabricate the porous poly(lactic-acid)-co-(trimethylene-carbonate)/poly(glycolic-acid)-co-(trimethylene-carbonate) scaffolds with uniform microstructure by the 3D extrusion printing technology in a mild printing condition. The physicochemical properties of the poly(lactic-acid)-co-(trimethylene-carbonate)/poly(glycolic-acid)-co-(trimethylene-carbonate) and the 3D printing scaffolds were investigated by universal tensile dynamometer, fourier transform infrared reflection (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Meanwhile, the degradability of the PLLA-TMC/GA-TMC was performed in vitro degradation assays. Compared with PLLA-TMC group, PLLA-TMC/GA-TMC groups maintained the decreasing Tg, higher degradation rate and initial mechanical performance. Furthermore, the PLLA-TMC/GA-TMC 3D printing scaffolds provided shape-memory ability at 37 ℃. In summary, the PLLA-TMC/GA-TMC can be regarded as an alternative substitution material for bone tissue engineering.