Abstract
In this study, a novel ultrasonic non-destructive and non-invasive elastography method was introduced and demonstrated to evaluate the mechanical properties of fused deposition modeling 3D printed objects using two-dimensional dynamical elasticity mapping. Based on the recently investigated dynamic bulk modulus and effective density imaging technique, an angle-dependent dynamic shear modulus measurement was performed to extract the dynamic Young’s modulus distribution of the FDM structures. The elastographic image analysis demonstrated the presence of anisotropic dynamic shear modulus and dynamic Young’s modulus existing in the fused deposition modeling 3D printed objects. The non-destructive method also differentiated samples with high contrast property zones from that of low contrast property regions. The angle-dependent elasticity contrast behavior from the ultrasonic method was compared with conventional and static tensile tests characterization. A good correlation between the nondestructive technique and the tensile test measurements was observed.
Highlights
In the scanned area of sample 1, both maps, Figure 4D,G, showed that the interface between relatively higher (100% flow rate) and lower regions (80% flow rate) of properties is located at the center
In the scanned area of sample 1, both maps, Figure 4(D,G), showed that the interface between relatively higher (100% flow rate) and lower regions (80% flow rate) of properties is located at the center
The effective density could be converted to a volumetric fraction of internal air packages
Summary
A novel ultrasonic non-destructive and non-invasive elastography method was introduced and demonstrated to evaluate the mechanical properties of fused deposition modeling. (FDM), an extrusion-based AM process, is a fast, cost-effective, and user-friendly printing technique that is broadly involved in industries, academia, and even in the residential domain. The thermoplastic filament is melted in a heated nozzle and deposited on a platform bed layer by layer. The nozzle is connected to a three-axis motion system, which is controlled by G-code. Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) are the most commonly used thermoplastic 3D printing materials for FDM [1]. As one of the most popular materials, ABS has many advantages, such as low cost, impact resistance, toughness, and higher glass transition temperature
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