Abstract
BackgroundChlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga, which is a most commonly used model organism for basic research and biotechnological applications. Generation of transgenic strains, which usually requires selectable markers, is instrumental in such studies/applications. Compared to other organisms, the number of selectable markers is limited in this organism. Nourseothricin (NTC) N-acetyl transferase (NAT) has been reported as a selectable marker in a variety of organisms but not including C. reinhardtii. Thus, we investigated whether NAT was useful and effective for selection of transgenic strains in C. reinhardtii. The successful use of NAT would provide alterative choice for selectable markers in this organism and likely in other microalgae.ResultsC. reinhardtii was sensitive to NTC at concentrations as low as 5 µg/ml. There was no cross-resistance to nourseothricin in strains that had been transformed with hygromycin B and/or paromomycin resistance genes. A codon-optimized NAT from Streptomyces noursei was synthesized and assembled into different expression vectors followed by transformation into Chlamydomonas. Around 500 transformants could be obtained by using 50 ng DNA on selection with 10 µg/ml NTC. The transformants exhibited normal growth rate and were stable at least for 10 months on conditions even without selection. We successfully tested that NAT could be used as a selectable marker for ectopic expression of IFT54-HA in strains with paromomycin and hygromycin B resistance markers. We further showed that the selection rate for IFT54-HA positive clones was greatly increased by fusing IFT54-HA to NAT and processing with the FMDV 2A peptide.ConclusionsThis work represents the first demonstration of stable expression of NAT in the nuclear genome of C. reinhardtii and provides evidence that NAT can be used as an effective selectable marker for transgenic strains. It provides alterative choice for selectable markers in C. reinhardtii. NAT is compatible with paromomycin and hygromycin B resistance genes, which allows for multiple selections.
Highlights
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga, which is a most commonly used model organism for basic research and biotechnological applications
We have shown that N-acetyl transferase (NAT) is an effective selectable marker for nuclear transformation of C. reinhardtii
To explore the possibility to use NAT gene as a selectable marker for nuclear transformation, we first tested the sensitivities of C. reinhardtii to NTC
Summary
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga, which is a most commonly used model organism for basic research and biotechnological applications. We investigated whether NAT was useful and effective for selection of transgenic strains in C. reinhardtii. Because of low efficiency of transformation, a selectable marker is usually needed for selection of transgenic strains. There are three types of selections used in nuclear transformation of C. reinhardtii: auxotrophy rescue, herbicide resistance and antibiotic resistance [1,2,3]. Six antibiotics have been used in C. reinhardtii for selection of transgenic strains transformed with corresponding selectable markers [1, 3]. Compared to higher number of selectable markers in higher plant and mammalian cells [12, 13], the number of effective selectable markers is limited in C. reinhardtii. Availability of additional selectable markers in C. reinhardtii will enable complex experimental design, for example triple or more selection for transgenic strains
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
