Notice of Removal: Effect of wind-generated bubbles on the clustered OFDM power loading for time-varying shallow water acoustic channels with limited feedback

Abstract

Wind blowing over the sea surface generates many dramatic effects. One of the most important effects is bubbles generated by breaking waves, which can have a major effect on high frequency acoustic propagation, sound speed profile and ambient noise due to the sound scattering and absorption properties of a thin layer of bubbles. In this paper, on one hand, we analyze several important properties of bubbles and their effect on acoustic propagation and sound speed profile, based on the proposed propositions; on the other hand, we propose an optimization model aiming at maximizing the capacity with constraints of the total transmission power in a symbol. It is achieved by adopting the Lloyd algorithm based limited feedback procedure. Simulation results will reveal the underwater acoustic (UWA) channel impulse response with the effect of bubbles, and compare the difference of system capacities in terms of limited feedback procedure, based on with and without the effect of bubbles respectively.