Abstract
Studies of Trochila (Leotiomycetes, Helotiales, Cenangiaceae) are scarce. Here, we describe two new species based on molecular phylogenetic data and morphology. Trochilabostonensis was collected at the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area, Massachusetts. It was found on the stem of Asclepiassyriaca, representing the first report of any Trochila species from a plant host in the family Apocynaceae. Trochilaurediniophila is associated with the uredinia of the rust fungus Ceroteliumfici. It was discovered during a survey for rust hyperparasites conducted at the Arthur Fungarium, in a single sample from 1912 collected in Trinidad. Macro- and micromorphological descriptions, illustrations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses are presented. The two new species are placed in Trochila with high support in both our six-locus (SSU, ITS, LSU, rpb1, rpb2, tef1) and two-locus (ITS, LSU) phylogenetic reconstructions. In addition, two species are combined in Trochila: Trochilacolensoi (formerly placed in Pseudopeziza) and T.xishuangbanna (originally described as the only species in Calycellinopsis). This study reveals new host plant families, a new ecological strategy, and a new country record for the genus Trochila. Finally, our work emphasizes the importance of specimens deposited in biological collections such as fungaria.
Highlights
The genus Trochila Fr. (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes) was erected by Fries (1849) to accommodate four species previously placed in Phacidium Fr., Sphaeria Haller, and Xyloma Pers
Trochila craterium (DC) Fr. was the first species listed by Fries, based on Sphaeria craterium DC., which was later selected by Clements and Shear (1931) as the type species of Trochila
Trochila laurocerasi is placed as a sister taxon to Calycellinopsis xishuangbanna W.Y
Summary
The genus Trochila Fr. (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes) was erected by Fries (1849) to accommodate four species previously placed in Phacidium Fr., Sphaeria Haller, and Xyloma Pers. (Ascomycota, Leotiomycetes) was erected by Fries (1849) to accommodate four species previously placed in Phacidium Fr., Sphaeria Haller, and Xyloma Pers. The other three species included by Fries (1849) were: T. ilicis (Fr.) Fr. [= Phacidium laurocerasi Desm.], and T. taxi (Fr.) Fr. The genus and one species (T. laurocerasi) were briefly described by Fries (1849). The type species, T. craterium, was well described macromorphologically by Lamarck and de Candolle (1805). After the inclusion of this new character describing the genus, Stegia ilicis (Chevall.) Gillet was transferred as Trochila ilicina (Nees ex Fr.) Courtec (Crouan and Crouan 1867; Rehm 1896)
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