Abstract
The cretaceous and tertiary deposits of America, which intervene between the Alleghany mountains and the Atlantic, bear a great resemblance in mineral character to the sandy and argillaceous portion of the formations of the same age in the south-east of England. If all the white chalk, with its flints, together with the cherty beds of the green sand, were omitted, the remaining cretaceous strata in our island would consist of loose incoherent sand with green particles, red and highly ferruginous sandstones, white sands, and (in some places) beds of lignite ; the overlying tertiary deposits, consisting of marls, clays, and variously coloured sands occasionally exhibiting green particles, like those of the green sand below the chalk; and as in the bottom of the London basin near Reading. Such, for the most part, is the succession of the beds in New Jersey; and, further south, in Maryland and Virginia, the Eocene strata are often as full of green particles as the cretaceous, so that they are only distinguishable by their fossils and relative position. Even the Miocene strata are sometimes, as in Virginia, of a blueish-green colour, and contain green particles of a similar kind.
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