Abstract

In NOTES natural orifices are used to enter the abdominal cavity. Extensive training is required and mentioned by the NOSCAR Consortium in the white paper as an important precondition prior to any introduction of this technique in clinical practice. These techniques also require certain skills and experience such as flexible endoscopic as well as advanced laparoscopic experience and extensive knowledge in abdominal surgery. These Skills and this knowledge is trained in modern gastrointestinal surgery units and gastroenterologic endoscopy units. Only when NOTES techniques are extensively trained in the box-model and the trainee has gotten acquainted with all the special instruments, a training in an animal model is justified. In addition, training within the team, starting with the box-work is important to prepare the team for the clinical step.

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