NOSOCOMIAL INTESTINAL SYNDROME IN CHILDREN: FREQUENCY, STRUCTURE, TREATMENT TACTICS

Abstract

The problem of nosocomial infections (IUI) is relevant in all countries of the world, both industrialized and developing. According to American and European authors, 91-94% of all cases of nosocomial diarrhea are caused by viruses, most often by rotavirus due to high contagiousness. The official statistics on nosocomial acute intestinal infections in the Russian Federation are understated and incomplete. Due to the immediacy of the problem of hospital-acquired enteric infection, there was conducted a retrospective review of 3098 charts of hospital patients (form 003/у) aged from 0 months to 17 years, who admitted the acute respiratory diseases unit during the period of three years. According to the results of an expert assessment of the case histories of children with acute respiratory pathology, the admission of nosocomial infection was noted in 26.9% of cases (834 patients), with more than half of the cases in children of the first 3 years of life 83.3% (695 patients). There is no significant difference in the clinical manifestations of nosocomial infection, depending on the main respiratory disease. The overlay of the hospital-acquired enteric infection increases the duration of hospitalization, polypharmacy, economic expenses. Moreover, it shapes parents’ negative attitude toward their children’s hospital treatment. It is expected, that the differential approach to hospital admission of only severe pediatric patients in boxes, if possible, and rotavirus enteritis immunization will promote the drop in the enteric superinfection frequency at the acute respiratory infections units.