Abstract
Aim:Antibiotic resistance as one of the most serious health threats worldwide leading to a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The aim of present study was to examine the prevalence of nosocomial infections (NIs) and pattern of antibiotic resistance in teaching hospitals in IranMethods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a period of one year in three teaching hospitals and all patients with suspected NIs symptoms were chooses. Among these patients who showed antibiotic resistance were included in the study. The samples for clinical test in laboratory were obtained with using standard methods and aseptic technique by trained personnel. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer’s disk diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar (Hi Media, Mumbai, India) in accordance with the standards of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.Results:During one year study, 561 patients with nosocomial infections were recognized and among them 340 patients (60.6%) showed some level of antibiotic resistance. The most common cause of NIs in present study was Acinetobacter and the most type of infection was respiratory system infections (52.7%). The highest resistance rate was against Ciprofloxacin (61.8%) followed by Imipenem (50.3%).Conclusion:Rate of NIs and antibiotics resistance is high in Iranian hospital. So Iranian health ministry should provide guideline and suitable programs for prevention of NIs and antibiotic therapy in hospitals.
Highlights
Nosocomial infections (NI), known as hospital acquired infections, are global health problem which affect both developed and developing countries
Rate of NIs and antibiotics resistance is high in Iranian hospital
Patients who admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICU, CCU, NICU), both adults and neonatal, showed more antibiotics resistance compared to patients admitted to other wards
Summary
Nosocomial infections (NI), known as hospital acquired infections, are global health problem which affect both developed and developing countries. Nosocomial infections are defined as infections occur within 48 hours after hospital admission, 3 days after discharge or 30 days after an operation (WHO, 2002). The increasing rate of NIs, causes more antibiotics usage which leads to economic burden, and as a final result, the increases rates of morbidity and mortality (Inweregbu et al, 2005; WHO, 2002; Hashemi et al, 2010). Despite international efforts to control NIs during past decades, NIs still remains a prevalent problem and one of patients antibiotic resistance causes in hospitals (Farr et al, 2001)
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