Abstract
Abstract Norway developed as a seafaring nation as a consequence of its long coastline and inaccessible mountainous interior. Since the turn of the century, Norway has been one of the world’s leading shipping nations. However, with the development of open and offshore registers after the Second World War, Norway experienced a steady decline in the size of its commercial fleet. In response to this, in 1987, the government 7created a second register, the Norwegian International Ship Register (the NIS).1 The NIS sought to restore the international competitiveness of the fleet through tax incentives and more flexible manning regulations, and represented a viable alternative to flagging out. The NIS is open to foreign shipowners, but despite being presented as an international register, only a minority of ships on the register are beneficially owned and controlled in foreign countries.2
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