Abstract
The chapter discusses the role of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) in the development of the economy of the Russian Federation. The NSR has a long history. Its new development starts with climate change leading to warming and the melting of glaciers. The melting of the ice sheet is making previously inaccessible natural resources available to those states located in the Arctic region. The largest part of the Arctic, and the largest part of its mineral wealth, is located on territories belonging to the Russian Federation. The extraction of mineral resources requires the construction of new transport routes. Russia is building the NSR to ensure the transport of its natural resources from producers to consumers and as a complementary transport route to other international transport routes. So far, the NSR is mainly used for domestic transport within the Russian Federation and to a lesser extent for the international transport of goods. The extraction of mineral resources, especially oil and gas, in the new conditions and the increased use of the NSR will constitute one of the drivers of the development of the Russian economy, especially its Arctic region.KeywordsArcticGlobal warmingNorthern Sea RouteNatural resourcesEconomic development of the Russian Federation
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