Northern piroplasmosis of domestic reindeer in Southern Yakutia

Abstract

In South Yakutia, in the Aldansky district, at the end of July, more than 50 deer fell to the reindeer herd No. 7 of OAO KMNS "Khatystyr". Earlier in Central Yakutia, in 2008, an outbreak of pyroplasmosis was recorded for the first time in domestic reindeer of the farm of JSC NAOK "Taba" at the Tomtor site of the Gorny district and the YaGSHA Tabsylyn educational and production farm at the Kangkeme site of the Yakutsk city district. There was a mass death of the main deer population in the "Kangkeme" section up to 90% and "Tomtor" up to 30%. During laboratory studies, a parasitic disease, pyroplasmosis, was registered. Pyroplasmosis is one of the most severe and acute parasitic diseases of animals. Especially in the abnormal summer heat, blood parasites multiply very quickly, piroplasmids destroy red blood cells in the body of deer, the process of oxidation and intoxication occurs, bilirubin is formed from the released hemoglobin by complex transformations, 2-3 days after infection, in the absence of medical care, a lethal outcome is observed. Carriers of parasites can be ticks (Ixodidea, Ixodes ricinus) and other blood-sucking. Blood parasitic diseases (hemosporidiosis) of animals in Yakutia have not been previously recorded, a case of infection of domestic reindeer in 2008 in Central Yakutia is known. Isolated cases of tick attacks on people have been recorded in the Aldan, Neryungrinsky, Olekminsky and Suntarsky districts. A case of tick attack, infection and disease with tick-borne borreliosis of one person was registered. In the warm season, a distinctive feature of the temperature regime in most of the territory of Yakutia is a rapid increase in average daily temperatures in spring, and the maximum summer temperature can reach +38 ° C. At this time, there is a massive flight of blood-sucking insects and an attack of ticks on animals and people on the territory of Yakutia.