Abstract
Abstract The term ‘Protestant State’ is routinely applied to Northern Ireland in the 1921–68 period. This is largely on account of both a statement to this effect made by Northern Ireland’s Prime Minister, James Craig, in 1934; and of the power balance between the Unionist (overwhelmingly Protestant) and Nationalist (overwhelmingly Catholic) communities and the accompanying issues of discrimination and disadvantage. However, this chapter contends that the ‘Protestant State’ characterization can also conceal the extent to which there were significant intra-Protestant divisions: between different denominations; between social classes; between Orangeism and less tribal Protestant outlooks. The chapter also considers how sensitive issues such as education and temperance could create political difficulties for the Ulster Unionist Party, and exacerbate tensions between Protestants of different denominations and outlooks.
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