Abstract
During the 1820s and 1830s, the American Society for Colonizing the Free People of Colour of the United States enlisted the support of numerous clergymen, politicians, activists in the burgeoning benevolent empire, and other Americans. As a multiinterest organization, it promised benefits for each of its diverse constituencies: eventual emancipation, without altering the basic structure of American society, for those who disliked slavery and feared civil war and insurrection; the launching of a holy enterprise for those who hoped to extend Christianity and civilization to Africa; and the repatriation of free blacks for those who desired to uplift them as well as to protect the classical republican virtues of order, morality, and harmony.' For many northern colonizationists, including Leonard Bacon, the antislavery and missionary objectives of the cause were extremely important. But the centerpiece of their agenda was the repatriation of free blacks, which they believed would benefit not only black and white
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