Abstract
Bark and ambrosia beetles (Scolytinae) are the most successful group of invasive wood borers worldwide, and the most invasive among them are species in the tribe Xyleborini. This haplodiploid, highly inbred, fungus-farming group is represented by 30 non-native species in North America, of which at least five are serious pests. The few identification resources for Xyleborini that exist are becoming outdated due to new species arrivals and nomenclatural changes. Here we present a new comprehensive key to Xyleborini currently known from the continental United States. Compared to the previous key, the following species have been added to the North American fauna: Ambrosiodmus minor (Stebbing), Ambrosiophilus nodulosus (Eggers), Anisandrus maiche Kurentsov, Coptoborus pseudotenuis (Schedl), Cyclorhipidion fukiense (Eggers), Dryocoetoides reticulatus Atkinson, Dryoxylon onoharaense (Murayama), Euwallacea interjectus (Blandford), Xyleborinus andrewesi (Blandford), Xyleborinus artestriatus (Eichhoff), Xyleborinus octiesdentatus (Murayama), Xyleborus bispinatus Eichhoff, Xyleborus seriatus Blandford, Xyleborus spinulosus Blandford, and Xylosandrus amputatus (Blandford).
Highlights
Bark and ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are considered one of the most injurious groups of insects in native and planted forests (Raffa et al 2015)
True bark beetles are intercepted more often than ambrosia-feeding species; ambrosia beetles of the tribe Xyleborini represent half of the 60 non-native scolytines established in the United States (Haack and Rabaglia 2013)
The aim of this article is to review the species of Xyleborini occurring in continental North America, diagnose the new species for the region, and provide illustrated keys to genera and species
Summary
Bark and ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are considered one of the most injurious groups of insects in native and planted forests (Raffa et al 2015). True bark beetles (phloeophagous species) are intercepted more often than ambrosia-feeding species; ambrosia beetles of the tribe Xyleborini represent half of the 60 non-native scolytines established in the United States (Haack and Rabaglia 2013). The Xyleborini, with 1177 recognized species, is the most species-rich tribe within Scolytinae (Smith and Hulcr 2015). This tribe of ambrosia beetles includes some of the most abundant and widely distributed species (Rabaglia et al 2006). The combination of fungus-farming, wide host range, and arrhenotokous inbreeding (haplodiploidy) makes the Xyleborini one of the most successful groups of colonizers in the world (Atkinson et al 1990, Smith and Hulcr 2015)
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