Abstract
The proposed scope of this article includes the processes and effects of bilingualism and of linguistic acculturation involving the native languages of North American Indians in their contacts with each other and with European languages (specifically English, Spanish, French, and Russian). However, as will be seen below, there is relatively little work to report as regards ongoing processes of language contact; the bulk of published research deals with the post-facto results of such contact, especially as manifested in lexical borrowings. Geographically, the present survey covers mainly the area from the Arctic to the Rio Grande, with only a few incidental excursions into Mexico.
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