Abstract
The occurrence and movement of groundwater are controlled by various hydrogeological, hydrological and climatological factors. Reasonably accurate assessment of groundwater recharge and discharge components is not easy because no direct measurement techniques are presently available. Therefore, indirect methods are generally employed for assessment of groundwater resources. Groundwater is a dynamic and replenishable resource which is normally estimated based upon the annual groundwater recharge. It is subjected to withdrawal for various uses such as irrigation, domestic, industrial etc. This article presents the norms for various groundwater recharge components for estimation of groundwater resources in India.
Highlights
Efficient use of water is crucial to the survival of the plants, animal life and human beings
Appropriate institutional arrangements for each river basin should be developed to collect and collate all data on regular basis with regard to rainfall, river flows, area irrigated by crops and by source, utilization for various uses by both surface water and groundwater and to publish water accounts on ten daily basis every year for each river basin with appropriate water budgets and water accounts based on the hydrologic balances
In order to estimate the change in groundwater storage during a specified period, the groundwater levels in the study are required to be observed through a well-distributed network of observation wells
Summary
Efficient use of water is crucial to the survival of the plants, animal life and human beings. There is a need to map the aquifers to know the quantum and quality of groundwater resources (replenishable as well as non-replenishable) in the country This process should be fully participatory involving local communities. Appropriate institutional arrangements for each river basin should be developed to collect and collate all data on regular basis with regard to rainfall, river flows, area irrigated by crops and by source, utilization for various uses by both surface water and groundwater and to publish water accounts on ten daily basis every year for each river basin with appropriate water budgets and water accounts based on the hydrologic balances. Appropriate institutional arrangements for each river basin should be developed for monitoring water quality in both surface and ground waters
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