Abstract
Brackish water desalination can be performed efficiently using electrodialysis (ED). The technology can also be used to mitigate hypersalinity (>50,000 parts per million (ppm)). In this study, a simple and modified lumped ED model combined with cost calculations is used to perform a normalized sensitivity analysis up to 160,000 ppm. The model takes care of the effect of Donnan potential as well as boundary layers (films) and water transport through charged membranes. The analysis reveals that the (linear) velocity and feed concentration are generally the most significant factors affecting ED performance. Considering both control and cost issues, for the specific energy consumption per unit of salt removed, an optimal flow velocity should be chosen. For the rate of salt removal, a combination of lower flow velocity and optimal feed concentration is recommended. In the ED design case, the analysis shows that the feed concentration is generally the most significant factor. Considering both control and cost issues, for the total membrane area and rate of salt removal, a lower feed concentration is recommended irrespective of cost considerations.
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