Abstract
The concentrations of the rare earth elements (REE) in surface waters and sediments, when normalized on an element-by-element basis to one of several rock standards and plotted versus atomic number, yield curves that reveal their partitioning between different sediment fractions and the sources of those fractions, for example, between terrestrial-derived lithogenous debris and seawater-derived biogenous detritus and hydrogenous metal oxides. The REE of ancient sediments support their partitioning into these same fractions and further contribute to the identification of the redox geochemistry of the sea water in which the sediments accumulated. The normalized curves of the REE that have been examined in several South American wine varietals can be interpreted to reflect the lithology of the bedrock on which the vines may have been grown, suggesting limited fractionation during soil development.
Highlights
The rare earth elements (REE), or lanthanide elements, are a group of 14 elements that have similar crystal ionic radii and valance state
The concentrations of the rare earth elements (REE) in surface waters and sediments, when normalized on an elementby-element basis to one of several rock standards and plotted versus atomic number, yield curves that reveal their partitioning between different sediment fractions and the sources of those fractions, for example, between terrestrial-derived lithogenous debris and seawater-derived biogenous detritus and hydrogenous metal oxides
We review here a fraction of the research on the behavior of the REE in soils, surface waters, sediments, and sedimentary rocks; from source rocks, to streams, to seawater, to their deposition and eventual burial in sea floor sediments
Summary
The rare earth elements (REE), or lanthanide elements, are a group of 14 elements that have similar crystal ionic radii and valance state They have a decreasing crystal ionic radius from La (1.016 Å) to Lu (0.85 Å) and a single 3+ valence within the siliciclastic fraction of sediments and sedimentary rocks. We review here a fraction of the research on the behavior of the REE in soils, surface waters, sediments, and sedimentary rocks; from source rocks, to streams, to seawater, to their deposition and eventual burial in sea floor sediments. They have proven to be invaluable in contributing. BAU to an overall improved understanding of the geochemistry of earth-surface processes
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