Abstract
Joint user selection algorithm and fully digital geometric mean decomposition (GMD)-based precoding scheme is considered in this paper for single radio frequency (RF) space modulation techniques (SMTs), namely, spatial modulation (SM) and space shift keying (SSK) schemes. The objective is to jointly perform the Frobenius norm-based user selection algorithm and design GMD-based precoded SMTs with single-RF chain in order to reduce the cost and the power consumption in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, and to avoid the complicated bit-allocation problem of singular value decomposition (SVD)-based precoding technique. Based on these schemes, the GMD-based precoding transmission carried out in the context of a single-user SMTs can readily be extended to the multi-user (MU) case. Simulation results demonstrate that single-RF SMTs with GMD-based precoding scheme is capable of outperforming SMTs with SVD-based precoding technique. Meanwhile, MU-SMTs with GMD-based precoding scheme provide significant performance gains over the conventional SM- and SSK-MIMO counterparts and single-user SMTs with GMD-based precoding algorithm, which increase the energy efficiency and the reachability using these schemes. Furthermore, better error performance in MU-SMTs with fully digital GMD-based precoding technique is obtained by selecting any number of users. Therefore, MU-SMTs with GMD-based precoding scheme can be effectively used in various 5G wireless networks.
Highlights
Space modulation techniques (SMTs) are unique multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission techniques that exploit the indices of the active antennas in order to map information bits, and utilize the differences among different channel paths to convey additional bits
From the results of MU-space modulation techniques (SMTs) with geometric mean decomposition (GMD)-based precoding scheme, it is found that employing the Frobenius norm-based user selection technique with any number of selected users provides the same and best bit error rate (BER) performance as compared to the conventional SMTs, and this error performance matches that of MU-SMTs without GMD-based precoding and selecting all available users
A significant enhancement in MU-SMTs with GMD-based precoding scheme can be obtained with any number of selected users as compared to the conventional systems
Summary
Space modulation techniques (SMTs) are unique multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission techniques that exploit the indices of the active antennas in order to map information bits, and utilize the differences among different channel paths to convey additional bits. In a more recent work [32], GMD-based hybrid beamforming is applied in generalized spatial modulation (GSM) scheme with norm-based user selection algorithm, and showed a significant improvement compared to the conventional schemes with single-user scenario. Inspired by the norm-based user selection method that proposed in [20] for MU-MIMO systems, and the performance enhancement obtained in [20] and [22], this paper aims to apply Frobenius norm-based user selection algorithm with fully digital GMD-based precoding scheme for the emerging SMTs with single-RF chain in order to eliminate the interference at the transmitter, and successfully reconstruct the transmitted symbols at the receiver side. The Frobenius norm-based user selection algorithm is applied to MU-SMTs-MIMO with single-RF chain using the fully digital GMD-based precoding scheme. Cm×n denotes a matrix with m rows and n columns, and CN μ, 2 denotes the complex normal distribution of a random variable having mean μ and variance σ2
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