Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effect of Nordic Walking (NW) on anthropometric parameters, body composition, cardiovascular parameters, aerobic capacity, blood sample, and glucose tolerance in overweight and obese subjects. The main keywords “Nordic Walking” or “Pole Walking”, associated with either “obese”, “obesity”, “overweight”, or “weight loss” were used on the online database MEDLINE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Scopus. Additionally, references of the studies included were screened to identify eligible articles. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, ten manuscripts were considered as eligible for this review. The results of the studies were categorized in several domains with regard to “anthropometric parameters and body composition”, “cardiovascular parameters and aerobic capacity”, and “blood sample and glucose tolerance”. The results showed positive effects on the anthropometric parameters, body composition, cardiovascular parameters, blood sample, and glucose tolerance. The greatest improvements were observed in supervised and high weekly frequency of NW interventions. NW could be considered as an effective modality through which to involve the obese in physical activity. For weight loss, NW should be prescribed 4–5 times per week, at least 60 min per session, preferably combined with diet control.
Highlights
Physical inactivity is the primary cause of most chronic diseases and is responsible for accelerating biological aging becoming one of the risk factors for premature death worldwide [1]
The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effect of Nordic Walking (NW) on anthropometric parameters, body composition, cardiovascular parameters, aerobic capacity, blood sample, and glucose tolerance in overweight and obese subjects
The results of the studies were categorized in several domains with regard to “anthropometric parameters and body composition”, “cardiovascular parameters and aerobic capacity”, and “blood sample and glucose tolerance”
Summary
Physical inactivity is the primary cause of most chronic diseases and is responsible for accelerating biological aging becoming one of the risk factors for premature death worldwide [1]. Insufficient level of PA predispose people to an increased risk for developing chronic conditions, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer [2]. The abundance of energy-enriched food associated with a sedentary lifestyle has caused an increase in the number of overweight and obese people worldwide, including in developing countries [3]. The American College of Sport Medicine 2018 Guidelines recommendation for overweight and obese subjects suggest a dose-response relationship for weight loss. Any level of leisure-time PA reduces the risk of mortality [5], in the overweight and obese population [6]. People who were physically active were less likely to gain weight [7], and the less active people had the greatest benefits from increasing their level of PA [8]
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