Abstract

This report presents a preliminary knowledge status about implications of the sharing economy for labour markets and employment relations in the Nordic countries. It also reviews how the Nordic cou ...

Highlights

  • Background and contextWhat is the sharing economy and how can it be governed?1.1 How to denominate and define the sharing economy?There is, so far, little consensus on how to denominate and define the term sharing economy (Sundararajan 2016: 27; Kalleberg & Dunn, 2016: 2)

  • An idea often voiced in debates over how to close the gaps opening in labour law and social law from the various forms of platform work is to construct a new, third hybrid category between employees and self-employed

  • While the initial frenzy around the labour market effects of the “platform economy” has given way to more sober approaches, the dialogues at the Oslo conference all addressed the fact that platform work plays into broader trends of working life change

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Summary

Part 1 – Review of recent developments

Platform work is a relatively new field of study and developments take place almost weekly. Part 1 of this report is an update of the main developments since the report “Nordic Labour Markets and the Sharing Economy – Report from a Pilot Project” (Dølvik & Jesnes, 2017: 508) was published a year ago, which is part 2 in this report This updated version of the report builds on observations of recent policy developments, policy papers, newly published research, and the conference “Shaping the Future of Work in the Nordic Countries – the Impacts of the Sharing Economy and New Forms of Work” held in Oslo, 22–23 May 2017. As platform work is part of broader transformations of work, we, review the conference discussions about the impact of digitalization on the labour market and the need for further knowledge about the changes such trends might lead to in Nordic working lives

The scope of platform work – stagnation or exponential growth?
An illustration
Challenges to employment relations and work environment
Platform work plays into broader labour market trends
How to denominate and define the sharing economy?
What are the concerns and interests of the governments and the social partners?
The risk of tax evasion
Distortion of competition
Changing employment relationships?
The size of the Nordic platform labour market
Challenging the Nordic working life model?
Changing employment relationships
Pay and working conditions
Platform workers and social security
Social partner and governmental responses on work life issues
The employer and business associations
It takes two for tango, but also a good bandleader?
Findings
Concluding remarks – how to bridge the knowledge gap?
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