Abstract
A survey and an analysis of 140 nonunions of the shafts of long bones revealed that 104 (85%) of 123 surgically treated bones united when these four conditions were met: (1) accurate apposition of fragments, (2) adequate immobilization, (3) healthy soft tissue with sufficient blood supply surrounding the site of nonunion, and (4) stimulation of osteogenesis. Factors such as the type and extent of the original injury and initial treatment profoundly influenced the outcome of the nonunited fractures, but ultimate union depended upon restoration of the natural mechanisms of bone repair.
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