Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Septicemia and Urinary Tract Infection Associated with Renal Stone Disease.

Marianne Stærk,Sara A Tolouee,Jens J Christensen

doi:10.2174/1874285801812010243

Marianne Stærk, Sara A Tolouee + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.2174/1874285801812010243

Copy DOI

Abstract

Introduction: Haemophilus influenzae commonly causes upper respiratory tract infections and has only rarely been reported etiology of urinary tract infections. Since the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine, non-typable haemophilus species now cause the majority of invasive disease in Europe.Case Report:We report a case of an adult man with non-typable Haemophilus influenzae septicemia, urinary tract infection and bilateral renal stone disease. The patient presented with right sided flank pain and a CT scan showed bilateral renal stones and a right sided ureteral stone causing obstruction.Results and Discussion: Haemophilus influenzae was identified in blood and urine and despite a tendency of increasing antibiotic resistance among Haemophilus influenzae, our strain was susceptible to all antibiotics tested. Treatment consisted of 3 days of intravenous cefuroxime, insertion of a right sided JJ ureteric stent and 5 days of peroral ciprofloxacin after discharge. Physicians and microbiologists should be aware of Haemophilus influenzae as a possible urinary tract pathogen, especially when urinary tract abnormalities are present, and take the risk of antibiotic resistance into consideration at initial treatment.

Highlights

Haemophilus influenzae commonly causes upper respiratory tract infections and has only rarely been reported etiology of urinary tract infections
In a recent study on identification of respiratory pathogens, including 64 H. influenzae strains, by conventional phenotypic methods and mass spectrometry [21], it was shown that mass spectrometry provides identification of these bacteria faster and in a more reliable way than those based on conventional phenotypical methods [21]. This is the first European report on non-capsulated H. influenzae as etiology of an invasive urinary tract infection associated with renal stones in an immunocompetent young adult
In this post-Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine era, non-capsulated H. influenzae strains causes the majority of invasive H. influenzae infections

Summary

Introduction

Haemophilus influenzae commonly causes upper respiratory tract infections and has only rarely been reported etiology of urinary tract infections. Case Report: We report a case of an adult man with non-typable Haemophilus influenzae septicemia, urinary tract infection and bilateral renal stone disease. Haemophilus influenzae is reported as a rare urinary tract pathogen in adults [1 - 5]. It is a small gram-negative rod and part of the normal bacterial flora in the human upper respiratory tract; strains may possess a polysaccharide capsule or be non-capsulated. H. influenzae species usually causes upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, pneumonia and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Less frequently, they give rise to invasive disease such as sepsis and meningitis [6, 7]. We report a case of septicemia with a non-capsulated H. influenzae strain isolated from blood and urine in a 32-year old man with bilateral renal stones

Results

Discussion

Conclusion