Nontopological soliton configuration in system involving three interacting scalar fields and obeying global U(1) × U(1) symmetry

Abstract

A system possessing a global U(1) × U(1) symmetry and consisting of two complex scalar fields and a real scalar field is considered. The renormalized potential of the system is a quartic polynomial in the fields involved. It is shown that nontopological soliton Q-ball-like states exist in such a system. A set of nonlinear differential equations that describes such states is obtained. It is shown that, in the case of the thin-wall regime, the soliton configuration is absolutely stable with respect to a transition to a planewave configuration. A universal dependence of the energy and charges of the soliton configuration on the phase frequencies of rotation is obtained for the thick-wall regime. For a general case, the dependence of the energy and charges of the soliton configuration on the phase frequencies of rotation is constructed by numerical methods.