Abstract
Derivatives and integrals of non-integer order may have a wide application in describing complex properties of materials including long-term memory, non-locality of power-law type and fractality. In this paper we consider extensions of elasticity theory that allow us to describe elasticity of materials with fractional non-locality, memory and fractality. The basis of our consideration is an extension of the usual variational principle for fractional non-locality and fractality. For materials with power-law non-locality described by Riesz derivatives of non-integer order, we suggest a fractional variational equation. Equations for fractal materials are derived by a generalization of the variational principle for fractal media. We demonstrate the suggested approaches to derive corresponding generalizations of the Euler–Bernoulli beam and the Timoshenko beam equations for the considered fractional non-local and fractal models. Various equations for materials with fractional non-locality, fractality and fractional acceleration are considered.
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