Abstract
Nonspecific Impact of Reflective Mind on Implicit Evaluative Processes: Effects of Experimental Manipulations and Selected Dispositional Factors
Highlights
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Cognition, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology
Numerous arguments allow to differentiate between the reflective evaluative system connected with specific evaluative rules and the system evoking automatic affective reactions
The empirical studies show that implicit affective stimuli can have a nonspecific impact on explicit judgments
Summary
The reflective evaluative system, based on deliberate thinking, requires effort and is time- and energy-consuming. It was presumed that reflective mind development leads to a kind of habitual readiness to seek evident evaluative judgment premises rather than guess what a given, unknown object or reality condition means Based on the latter assumption, correlations between some selected dispositional factors and the PAI effect were predicted. The same data pattern was found in all the studies (Jarymowicz, 2008): the higher the indices of self-distinctness, evaluative heterogeneity, or exocentric altruism, the more neutral the explicit estimations of the neutral Chinese ideograms (allegedly human traits) implicitly primed with photos of faces with negative or positive expressions. All the gathered data indicate that self-others schemata distinctness, evaluative heterogeneity, and exocentric altruism— as measurements of dispositional variables—correlate positively with a kind of resistance to the influence of the implicit affective priming on one’s own judgments
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