Non-specific immune response of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei by supplementation of sodium alginate of Sargassum collected from Lampung Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of supplementation of sodium (Na) alginate Sargassum sp. from Lampung waters to enhance the non-specific immune response and the resistence of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) against white spot disease. This study used a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, namely feeding without alginate supplementation (A) or control, dietary Na alginate Sargassum supplementation at a dose of 2.0 (B), and 4.0 g kg−1 feed (C), each with four replications, for 14 days. Hemolymph sampling was performed on days 0, 7 and 14 to observe the parameter of shrimp hematology included total haemocyte count (THC), phagocytocyte activity (PA), phagocytic index (PI), and total plasma protein (TPP). The hepatopancreas histology profile and water quality were observed at the end of treatment. Data were analyzed by Anova at 95% of confidence interval and continued with Duncan test. Result showedthat the supplementation of Na alginat from Sargassum sp. significantly enhance several shrimp immune response namely THC, PA, and TPP. Meanwhile, the histology of the hepatopancreas of both shrimp treatment and control showed not significantly effect on tissue damage. The water quality was still in normal condition during the treatment. The results of this study indicate that the application of Sargassum alginate supplementation at a dose of 2gr/kg of feed is the best treatment to enhance the immune response of Pacific white shrimp.