Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation pPAN Separators for Dendrite-Free Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries.

Abstract

Rechargeable aluminum batteries (RAB) are a promising energy storage system with high safety, long cycle life, and low cost. However, the strong corrosiveness of chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolytes (ILEs) severely limits the development of RAB separators. Herein, a nonsolvent-induced phase separation strategy was applied to fabricate the pPAN (poly(vinyl alcohol)-modified polyacrylonitrile) separator, which exhibits prominent chemical and electrochemical stability in ILEs. The pPAN separator, owing to its uniform pore size distribution and strong electronegativity with a zeta potential of about -10.20 mV, can effectively inhibit the growth of dendrites. Benefiting from the good ion conductivity (6.38 mS cm-1) and high ion migration number (0.133) of pPAN separator, the full cell with pPAN separator demonstrates stable operation for more than 500 cycles at 600 mA g-1, with a high capacity of 88.8 mAh g-1. When integrating into sodium-ion batteries, the pPAN separators also show an excellent electrochemical performance. This work provides a considerable approach for designing separators to address the issue of Al anode dendrite growth in RABs.