Nonsimilar analysis of forced convection radially magnetized ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a curved stretching surface

Abstract

This study focuses on analyzing the rheological properties of the Carreau–Yasuda ternary hybrid nanofluid model on a curved stretched sheet considering the molybdenum disulfide ( Mo S 2 ) , graphene oxide ( GO ) , and Nichrome ( NiCr ) immersed in the base fluid ethylene glycol ( EG ) . This study employs a radial magnetic force that is directed perpendicular to the direction of flow to manipulate the motion characteristics of a nonNewtonian fluid. Augmenting the value of the magnetic number leads to a decrease in the velocity of the flow as resistance is introduced against its principal direction. Thermal radiation and viscous dissipation effects are considered in the energy equation. Assumptions that are fundamental to fluid flow theories are incorporated into the mathematical formulation of this problem. Following this, the governing equations are transformed into dimensionless nonsimilar partial differential equation (PDE) by applying nonsimilarity transformation to a nonsimilarity transformation, and subsequently analyzed as ordinary differential equations utilizing the local nonsimilarity method up to second level of truncation. By using the MATLAB-integrated bvp4c solver, numerical solutions are obtained. The results of these various solutions are examined using visual and tabular representations to thoroughly evaluate the variances across different parameter settings. Furthermore, the flow velocity is reduced by the Lorentz force caused by a more curved surface, and we gain insight into the impact of different physical quantities under different parametric considerations related to the stretching curved surface, which adds to our knowledge of this complex fluid dynamic phenomenon.